Technical challenges

  • D2.4.1 CO₂ quality in the ship-based CO₂ capture context

    23/04/2025

    WP2 WP2 Technical challenges

    The EverLoNG project covers multiple aspects of the marinization of CO2 capture – from techno-economic to environmental and regulatory aspects. In this deliverable, the quality of captured CO2 is discussed, in view of expected impurities and the most recent CO2 specifications from transport and storage CCS projects.

    Onboard Carbon Capture (OCC) was demonstrated in EverLoNG onboard 2 vessels. In both campaigns, the impurities content in the exhaust gases and from the OCC pilot were monitored. The most relevant observation made in the context of CO2 quality is the relatively high NOx content in the exhaust gas of marine engines. At the Technology Centre Mongstad (TCM), a large CO2 capture pilot plant in Norway, the NOx content in the raw CO2 is measured at 0.5 ppmv, which is close to the Northern Lights and Aramis specifications (1.5 ppmv1). However, the reported NO2 content in the flue gases of TCM is below 2.5 ppmv, whereas in the EverLoNG campaigns values in the 50-250 ppmv range were measured (data publicly shared in EverLoNG webinars2). This indicates that the NOx content in OCC-produced CO2 will potentially be higher than specifications.

    There are different approaches to tackle this challenge. The first would be to (further) remove NOx from the exhaust gases, for instance by applying selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and/or removing NO2 in the quench column by applying a sulphite-thiosulphate solution (this could also be integrated in a SOx scrubber). The proposed solutions would add to the treating costs onboard, but have the benefit of protecting the amine-based solvent from NO2-induced oxidative degradation. Alternatively, and if the presence of relatively high NO2 content in the liquid CO2 wouldn’t affect the onboard storage tanks, the on-shore CO2 receiving terminals could be equipped with NOx separation technologies.

    Future research should focus on: a) measuring the NOx content in the raw and liquid CO2 in OCC pilots; b) verifying whether the risks of a potentially high NOx content is acceptable for the on-board storage tanks; c) evaluating and comparing different NOx removal technologies, both from technical and economic aspects. In the EverLoNG campaigns as well as in related literature, it was identified that the NO2 leads to increased rate of oxidative degradation of solvents. This implies increased rate of formation of degradation products. Therefore, monitoring the presence of other impurities, in particular NH3 and aldehydes in the raw and liquified CO2 should also be a focus point in future research.

  • D3.2.1 Cold recovery System as part of SBCC Solution on LNG-driven ships

    24/11/2023

    WP3 WP3 Technical challenges

    This publication presents some of the findings from the third work package (WP3) of the research project EverLoNG, which aims to expedite the adoption of ship-based carbon capture technology on commercial vessels. The EverLoNG project is part of the Accelerating CCS Technologies (ACT) program, which seeks to promote the emergence of CCUS through transnational funding, targeted research, and innovation. The EverLoNG project is supported by several organizations, including the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (Germany), the Research Council of Norway, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy (Netherlands), the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (UK), and the U.S. Department of Energy, all of whom have provided funding for this project.

  • D2.2.1 CO₂ Shipping Interoperability Briefing Report

    17/11/2022

    WP2 WP2 Technical challenges

    There is growing interest in ship-based carbon capture (SBCC) as route to decarbonisation of global shipping fleets. This leads to the need for the development of an international CO2 shipping network, and hence interoperability between regions.

    The EverLoNG project aims to set up a CO2 Shipping Interoperability Group (CSIG) to review and discuss the barriers and drivers to achieving this international interoperability. Three workshops will be run over the duration of the EverLoNG project, looking at the learning from the transport of other liquified gases, especially LNG and LPG, the role of international standards and regulation, and techno-economic requirements.

Offloading roadmap

  • D2.3.1 Roadmap for a European offloading network

    23/04/2025

    WP2 WP2 Offloading roadmap

    The projection of a roadmap for OCC must be closely linked to the general guidelines of CCS and CCU infrastructure projects. The emissions from land-based activities are much greater than those from the maritime sector, and the development of the extensive infrastructure needed for energy and the industrial sector is being developed on these sectors' terms. At the same time, the emissions from ship traffic are also significant and make up about 3-4% of the total (in the EU27), about the same as from air traffic. Forecasts also indicate that ship traffic will increase by 2050 and that the proportion of greenhouse gas emissions will increase to 10% if effective actions are not taken. All sectors must contribute if the climate targets are to be met. Development of the infrastructure for CCS has begun, and full-scale storage projects for CO2 captured from industry are planned to be operational in 2025. There is still considerable uncertainty related to how quickly and how extensive the CCS infrastructure will be in the coming years. The outlined roadmap, therefore, describes the most important elements that must be considered and provides a tentative timeline for how OCC can be developed in parallel with the development of CCS and the reduction of emissions from the maritime sector in general towards 2035 and 2050.

Offloading & infrastructure

  • D2.1.3 & D4.4.1 CO₂ Offloading, Storage Facility and Solvent Reclaiming Facility

    23/04/2025

    WP2 WP2 Offloading & infrastructure

    Los Alamos National Lab (LANL) and NexantECA (subcontractor to LANL) participated in the EverLoNG project from the U.S.A side to provide analytical support for quantifying the solvent degradation rates and develop an overall solvent management strategy as well as a CO2 offloading strategy for the solvent-based SBCC system. We carried out detailed testing to quantify the monoethanolamine (MEA) concentration, CO2 loading, and MEA degradation. We also developed the process design package and cost estimate for the Onshore Facility for the EverLoNG project, which includes CO2 offloading and processing as well as spent solvent reclaiming infrastructure.

     

  • D2.1.2 Full chain cases for SBCC

    27/06/2024

    WP2 WP2 Offloading & infrastructure

    This deliverable concentrates on the definition of full chain CCUS cases that will be evaluated in EverLoNG. Definition contains ship types, port location, sailing route, the Ship Based Carbon Capture (SBCC), onshore facilities for CO2 handling and the transport of CO2 to either storage or utilization.
    The defined cases will be evaluated by life cycle analysis (LCA) and techno-economic assessments (TEA) in WP4.

  • D2.1.1 CO₂ offloading alternatives and guidelines

    27/06/2024

    WP2 WP2 Offloading & infrastructure

    Currently, there are no guidelines on the logistics of CO2 and solvent receival from the ship to the port and the loading of reclaimed or fresh solvent from the port to the ship. These challenges must be solved before a larger port network of CO2 receival- and solvent reclaiming facilities can be organised

    This report introduces several different offloading alternatives. It shows that the ports have options on how the CO2 could be transported, depending on the ship type, volumes of CO2, size, and number of ships with SBCC annually. The infrastructure for further transport of CO2 needs to be identified and ready before the port can receive CO2 from the ships.

Regulatory challenges

  • D5.3.1 Regulatory inputs to international bodies

    28/03/2025

    WP5 WP5 Regulatory challenges

    This report summarises the dissemination activities conducted for Work Package (WP) 5 of the EverLoNG project.

    The EverLoNG project set out to develop and demonstrate the SBCC technology. For this, they installed a demonstrator onboard the Seapeak Arwa LNG Carrier (chartered by TotalEnergies) and the SSCV Sleipnir. The demonstrator’s operational risks were assessed in a HAZOP workshop. Full-scale concept designs were further developed for a new build LNG Carrier and the SSCV Sleipnir based on the same technology and working principles and assessed in dedicated HAZID workshops.

    The objective of Task 5.3 was to publish and disseminate the knowledge gained through these risk workshops amongst the wider maritime community, thereby accelerating the uptake of SBCC in a safe and certifiable manner.

  • D5.2.3 Risks and safeguards: Ship Based Carbon Capture Systems utilizing chemical absorption

    18/03/2025

    WP5 WP5 Regulatory challenges

    This report has been prepared to meet the EverLoNG project deliverable D5.2.3, which involves identifying common safeguards from the risk assessments. It also contributes to fulfilling D5.3, which entails summarising the learnings from Work Package 5 and disseminating the insights gained to relevant international regulatory bodies. The report builds upon previous deliverables and activities in WP5.

    The main safety hazards associated with an SBCC installation pertain to loss of containment in the chemical systems used during the CO2 capturing process and the hazards linked to loss of containment in systems employed for processing, storing, and off-loading captured CO2.

    The report addresses preventive and mitigating safety barriers that should be considered to reduce the frequency and consequences of hazardous events related to SBCC installations. The evaluation is based on a comprehensive assessment of hazardous events identified through multiple HAZIDs
    conducted in the EverLoNG project, which must be mitigated to ensure the safety of the ship and its crew.

  • D5.1.1 & D5.1.3 Regulatory review and CO₂ hazards

    12/05/2023

    WP5 WP5 Regulatory challenges

    This report has been prepared to meet the requirements of EverLoNG project deliverables D5.1.1 and D5.1.3 and consists of three main sections: Identify applicable safety and environmental standards and codes / Major hazard of CO2 loss of containment / Assessment of technology novelty.

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